
A complete Java learning path starts with the fundamentals—syntax, data types, variables, operators, control statements, arrays, methods, and object-oriented programming concepts like classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.
After basics, it moves to core APIs such as collections, generics, exception handling, multithreading, I/O streams, and Java 8+ features like lambdas and streams.
Advanced topics include JDBC database connectivity, networking, JVM internals, memory management, design patterns, unit testing, and building real-world applications using frameworks such as Spring and Spring Boot, along with REST APIs and microservices concepts.
By the end, learners can design, build, test, and deploy scalable Java applications.