C language is a powerful, statically typed programming language that was first developed in the 1970s. It is used for a variety of systems programming tasks, such as device drivers, embedded systems, and operating systems. The basic syntax of C language includes data types, variables, control structures (if-else statements, loops), functions, and arrays. More advanced concepts in C language include pointers, structure and union data types, functions with variable argument lists, and object-oriented programming. C language is widely used in the industry due to its efficiency and flexibility.